BS 5839-6: fire alarms in homes, flats and HMOs, explained
Reviewed by the SPS Technical team · Last checked 12 October 2026
Quick answer
BS 5839-6 is the British Standard code of practice for fire detection and fire alarm systems in domestic premises, including houses in multiple occupation and individual flats. It sets grades for how the system is built and powered and categories for how much of the home is covered. Smoke alarms should be tested at least monthly. The current edition is BS 5839-6:2019+A1:2020.
What it means for you
- Check your fire risk assessment or the landlord's duty to confirm which grade and category your property needs.
- Test smoke and heat alarms at least monthly and record it in rented or shared housing.
- Replace alarms at the end of their life, usually around ten years, or as the maker recommends.
- Use a competent installer for mains-powered and interlinked systems, and keep the certificates.
Who it applies to
Houses, flats, houses in multiple occupation, sheltered housing and other domestic premises. The communal areas of a block of flats and non-domestic buildings are covered by BS 5839-1.
Common questions
What is the difference between BS 5839-1 and BS 5839-6?
BS 5839-1 covers non-domestic buildings and communal areas. BS 5839-6 covers the inside of homes, including individual flats and houses in multiple occupation.
What do the grades and categories mean?
The grade describes how the system is built and powered, from a full panel-based system down to battery smoke alarms. The category describes how much of the home is protected, for example escape routes only or every room where a fire could start.
How often should smoke alarms be tested?
At least once a month. Landlords and managers of shared housing should keep a record of the tests.
Official sources
This page is a plain-English summary, not a copy of the standard. British Standards are copyright of BSI.
Page updates
- 12 October 2026: Edition confirmed as BS 5839-6:2019+A1:2020.
Reviewed by the SPS Technical team · Last updated October 2026