---
title: "Fire and security questions answered | SPS Technical"
url: https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions
description: "56 plain-English answers on UK fire alarm, intruder alarm, CCTV and access control standards and the law. Each links to its source and is checked monthly."
lang: en-GB
---

Resource library

# Fire and security questions answered

Straight answers to 56 common questions about UK fire alarm, intruder alarm, CCTV and access control standards and the law. Every answer links to the summary it comes from.

Answers written and checked by the SPS Technical team · Reviewed at the start of every month · Last checked 12 October 2026

**Reviewed monthly.** We check these answers at the start of every month. Standards and laws can change between reviews, so the official source always takes priority. These are general answers, not advice for a specific building.

## Fire alarms in workplaces and other non-domestic buildings

15 questions

### How often should a commercial fire alarm be serviced?

BS 5839-1 recommends a service by a competent person at least every six months. Higher-risk sites, and systems with frequent false alarms, may need more frequent visits.

Source: BS 5839-1 summary (https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-5839-1) Checked 12 October 2026

### Is it a legal requirement to have my fire alarm serviced?

Yes. The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 requires fire safety systems to be maintained in efficient working order. The Order doesn't set an interval itself. Following BS 5839-1, which recommends a service at least every six months, is the recognised way to meet that duty.

Source: Fire Safety Order summary (https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/fire-safety-order-2005) Checked 12 October 2026

### Is BS 5839-1 the law?

No, BS 5839-1 is a code of practice, not law. But the Fire Safety Order 2005 requires fire safety systems to be maintained, and following BS 5839-1 is the recognised way to show you have done so. Insurers and fire services expect it.

### How often should I test my fire alarm myself?

Every week. Set off one manual call point to check the alarm sounds, using a different call point each time, and record the test in the logbook.

### What is the difference between the weekly fire alarm test and a service?

The weekly test is a quick check you do yourself: one call point, to make sure the alarm sounds. A service is a full inspection by a competent engineer, covering the panel, batteries, detectors and records.

### Do I need a fire alarm logbook?

Yes. BS 5839-1 recommends keeping a logbook on site recording tests, faults, false alarms and service visits.

### Who is allowed to service a fire alarm?

A competent person. Third-party certification, such as BAFE SP203-1, is the clearest way to show a company is competent.

### What is the current edition of BS 5839-1?

BS 5839-1:2025. It replaced the 2017 edition.

### Does my existing fire alarm need upgrading because of BS 5839-1:2025?

Not automatically. A new edition applies to new work and changes. At each service, your engineer should flag anything that no longer meets the standard, so you can plan any work alongside your fire risk assessment.

### What should happen after a false fire alarm?

Record it in the logbook and investigate the cause. BS 5839-1 expects the cause to be found and fixed, rather than the panel being reset and forgotten.

### What paperwork should I get for a new fire alarm?

Design, installation and commissioning certificates. You should also get certificates whenever the system is changed.

### Who is the Responsible Person for fire safety?

Usually the employer for a workplace, or the owner or managing agent where the premises are not a workplace. A shared building can have more than one.

### What does the Responsible Person have to do?

Make sure there is a suitable fire risk assessment, recorded in full and reviewed regularly and after changes. Keep fire alarms, emergency lighting and other fire safety equipment maintained, with records. In shared buildings, share fire safety information with the other Responsible Persons.

### Do I have to write down my fire risk assessment?

Yes. Since 1 October 2023, every business must record its fire risk assessment in full, whatever its size.

### Where does the Fire Safety Order apply?

In England and Wales. It covers almost all non-domestic premises and the common parts of blocks of flats. Scotland and Northern Ireland have their own fire safety laws.

Related service: Fire alarm maintenance (https://sps-technical.com/services/fire-alarms/maintenance)

## Fire alarms in homes, flats and shared housing

5 questions

### What is the difference between BS 5839-1 and BS 5839-6?

BS 5839-1 covers non-domestic buildings and the communal areas of blocks of flats. BS 5839-6 covers the inside of homes, including individual flats and houses in multiple occupation.

Source: BS 5839-6 summary (https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-5839-6) Checked 12 October 2026

### Which fire alarm standard applies to a block of flats?

Both. The communal areas follow BS 5839-1, and the inside of each flat follows BS 5839-6.

### How often should smoke alarms be tested in rented or shared housing?

At least once a month. Landlords and managers of shared housing should keep a record of each test.

### What do the grades and categories in BS 5839-6 mean?

The grade describes how the system is built and powered, from a full panel-based system down to battery smoke alarms. The category describes how much of the home is protected, for example escape routes only, or every room where a fire could start. Your fire risk assessment, or the landlord's legal duties, decide which you need.

### How long do smoke alarms last?

Usually around ten years, or as the maker recommends. Replace them at the end of their life.

Related service: Fire alarm systems (https://sps-technical.com/services/fire-alarms)

## Doors that must release in a fire

5 questions

### Do access-controlled doors have to open when the fire alarm goes off?

Doors on escape routes must let people out. BS 7273-4 sets out how the fire alarm should release doors locked by access control or held open by magnetic devices, and how dependable that link needs to be.

Source: BS 7273-4 summary (https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-7273-4) Checked 12 October 2026

### What are door categories A, B and C?

They grade how critical a door is to safe escape. Category A is the most critical and needs the most reliable link to the fire alarm. Categories B and C allow simpler arrangements.

### Who decides which category a door falls into?

Ask your fire risk assessor which category each controlled door falls into.

### Should door releases be tested at the fire alarm service?

Yes. Test the door release as part of the fire alarm service, not just the access control service.

### Do access-controlled exit doors need a green break-glass?

Where required, keep a green break-glass or another manual release at controlled exit doors, so people can always get out.

Related service: Access control integration (https://sps-technical.com/services/access-control/integration)

## Intruder alarms: grades, standards and servicing

9 questions

### What grade of intruder alarm does my business need?

It depends on your risk. Grade 1 is low risk. Grade 2 suits most homes and many small businesses. Grade 3 is typical for higher-value commercial premises, and Grade 4 is for very high-risk sites. Your insurer may specify a grade.

Source: PD 6662 summary (https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/pd-6662) Checked 12 October 2026

### What is PD 6662?

PD 6662:2017 is the scheme that applies the European intruder alarm standards (the BS EN 50131 series) in the UK. It sets how a system is graded from 1 to 4, and which other British Standards apply alongside it. Police and insurers expect a monitored intruder alarm to meet it.

### How does BS EN 50131-1 relate to PD 6662?

BS EN 50131-1 sets the European system requirements, including the four security grades. PD 6662 is the UK scheme that says how to apply them, along with UK standards for installation, maintenance and alarm confirmation.

Source: BS EN 50131-1 summary (https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-en-50131-1) Checked 12 October 2026

### Can parts of my alarm be a lower grade than the system?

No. Every part of the system, including detectors, the panel and signalling equipment, should be at least the grade of the system as a whole.

### Does it matter where alarm equipment is fitted?

Yes. Equipment must suit where it is fitted, indoors or outdoors, as set out in the environmental classes in BS EN 50131-1.

### What should my intruder alarm certificate show?

The grade of the system and the standards it meets.

### How often should an intruder alarm be serviced?

At least once a year if it only sounds a bell on site. A monitored alarm that signals to an alarm receiving centre usually needs two visits a year, which is also a condition of police response. BS 9263 sets these intervals.

Source: BS 9263 summary (https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-9263) Checked 12 October 2026

### What should an intruder alarm service include?

Each visit should check the detectors, batteries, signalling and the system log, and you should get a written record. Keeping the log up to date also helps trace and fix false alarms.

### What is remote support for an intruder alarm?

Remote support lets a certified engineer connect to the alarm panel to check its status or make changes without a site visit. BS 9263 sets the security and record-keeping rules for doing this. For a monitored alarm, approved remote support can replace one of the two yearly visits.

Related service: Intruder alarms (https://sps-technical.com/services/intruder-alarms)

## Police response to alarms and monitored CCTV

6 questions

### How do I get a police response to my intruder alarm?

Use a certified installer and an approved alarm receiving centre. The system must be installed and maintained to PD 6662 and designed to give confirmed alarms, not single-detector activations. The police then issue it a unique reference number (URN).

Source: NPCC police requirements summary (https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/npcc-security-systems-policy) Checked 12 October 2026

### What is a police URN?

A unique reference number the police issue for a compliant monitored system. Without one, the alarm receiving centre cannot request a police response.

### How many false alarms before the police stop responding?

Three false alarms in a rolling 12-month period. Response can be restored once the cause has been fixed and the system has gone a set period without further false alarms.

### Will the police respond to a bells-only alarm?

Not as a matter of course. Police respond to bells-only alarms only where there is other evidence that an offence is in progress.

### Where do the police requirements for security systems apply?

In England, Wales and Northern Ireland. They are issued by the National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC) and cover monitored intruder alarms and detector-activated CCTV.

### Do I need keyholders for police response?

Yes. Keep your keyholder details up to date, because keyholders must attend when they are called.

Related service: Grades and police response (https://sps-technical.com/services/intruder-alarms/grades-and-police-response)

## CCTV design and image detail

7 questions

### What camera resolution do I need to identify someone on CCTV?

Resolution alone doesn't decide it. What matters is the image detail on the person, measured in pixels per metre at the distance they will be. About 250 pixels per metre is needed to identify an unknown person, and around 125 to recognise someone you know.

Source: BS EN IEC 62676-4 summary (https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-en-62676-4) Checked 12 October 2026

### How many pixels per metre do I need to detect, observe, recognise or identify?

BS EN IEC 62676-4 gives about 25 pixels per metre to detect a person, 62 to observe, 125 to recognise and 250 to identify.

### Which standard covers CCTV design?

BS EN IEC 62676-4:2025, the application guidelines for video surveillance. It replaces the 2015 edition, which stays available until it is withdrawn by 30 November 2028. New designs should follow the 2025 edition.

### What should I agree with an installer before CCTV cameras are fitted?

Agree what each camera is for: to detect, observe, recognise or identify. Ask for the pixels per metre at the target distance, not just the camera resolution, and check the night-time lighting supports that detail. Keep it all in an operational requirement document, so the finished system can be tested against it.

### What is BS 8418?

BS 8418:2021 is the British Standard code of practice for detector-activated, remotely monitored CCTV. Detectors trigger the cameras, and an operator at a monitoring centre views the images and acts. It covers design, installation, commissioning, maintenance and monitoring.

Source: BS 8418 summary (https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-8418) Checked 12 October 2026

### Can monitored CCTV get a police response?

Yes, if the system is designed, installed and maintained to BS 8418 by a certified company, and monitored by an approved centre. It is then issued a police unique reference number (URN).

### How is BS 8418 monitored CCTV different from ordinary CCTV?

Ordinary CCTV records for later review. BS 8418 systems are triggered by detectors and watched live by an operator, who can challenge intruders over speakers and call the police or a keyholder.

Related service: CCTV system design (https://sps-technical.com/services/cctv/system-design)

## CCTV and data protection

5 questions

### How long can I keep CCTV footage?

The law doesn't set a fixed period. Keep footage only as long as you need it for its purpose. Many organisations use around 30 days, and keep specific clips longer when they relate to an incident.

Source: UK GDPR for CCTV summary (https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/uk-gdpr-cctv) Checked 12 October 2026

### Can someone ask for a copy of CCTV footage of themselves?

Yes. It is a subject access request, and you must normally respond within one month. Protect the identity of anyone else in the footage, for example by blurring them.

### Do I need to register with the ICO for CCTV?

Most organisations that process personal data, including CCTV, must pay the ICO data protection fee unless an exemption applies. The ICO website has a short self-assessment.

### Do I need CCTV signs?

Yes. Put up clear signs saying CCTV is in use, who runs it and how to contact them.

### What else does data protection law expect from a CCTV operator?

You are the data controller, so you need a lawful reason for the cameras and secure storage of footage. Restrict who can view and export footage, and keep a record of disclosures. Carry out a data protection impact assessment for new or higher-risk systems.

Related service: CCTV systems (https://sps-technical.com/services/cctv)

## Access control

4 questions

### Which standard covers electronic access control?

BS EN 60839-11-1:2013 sets the system and component requirements: what controllers, readers and locks must do. Its companion, BS EN 60839-11-2:2015, gives the application guidelines.

Source: BS EN 60839-11-1 summary (https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-en-60839-11-1) Checked 12 October 2026

### What do the access control grades mean?

They describe the level of security, from Grade 1 for low-risk internal doors to Grade 4 for high-security areas. Higher grades need stronger protection against tampering and more detailed logging. Choose a grade to match the risk at each door, rather than one grade for the whole building.

### Do access control logs count as personal data?

Yes. Records of who went where and when are personal data. How long you keep them, who can see them and how they are secured should follow UK GDPR.

### What maintenance does an access control system need?

Plan regular checks of readers, locks, power supplies and batteries. Doors on escape routes should also be tested with the fire alarm when it is serviced.

Related service: Access control (https://sps-technical.com/services/access-control)

## Can't see your question?

Ask the Standards Library. Answers come only from our library and quote their sources.

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Need advice for your own building? Talk to the SPS Technical team (https://sps-technical.com/contact).

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        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Record it in the logbook and investigate the cause. BS 5839-1 expects the cause to be found and fixed, rather than the panel being reset and forgotten.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#happen-after-false-fire-alarm",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-5839-1"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What paperwork should I get for a new fire alarm?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#paperwork-get-new-fire-alarm",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Design, installation and commissioning certificates. You should also get certificates whenever the system is changed.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#paperwork-get-new-fire-alarm",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-5839-1"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Who is the Responsible Person for fire safety?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#who-responsible-person-fire-safety",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Usually the employer for a workplace, or the owner or managing agent where the premises are not a workplace. A shared building can have more than one.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#who-responsible-person-fire-safety",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/fire-safety-order-2005"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What does the Responsible Person have to do?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#responsible-person-duties",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Make sure there is a suitable fire risk assessment, recorded in full and reviewed regularly and after changes. Keep fire alarms, emergency lighting and other fire safety equipment maintained, with records. In shared buildings, share fire safety information with the other Responsible Persons.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#responsible-person-duties",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/fire-safety-order-2005"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Do I have to write down my fire risk assessment?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#have-write-down-fire-risk-assessment",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Yes. Since 1 October 2023, every business must record its fire risk assessment in full, whatever its size.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#have-write-down-fire-risk-assessment",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/fire-safety-order-2005"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Where does the Fire Safety Order apply?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#where-fire-safety-order-apply",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "In England and Wales. It covers almost all non-domestic premises and the common parts of blocks of flats. Scotland and Northern Ireland have their own fire safety laws.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#where-fire-safety-order-apply",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/fire-safety-order-2005"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What is the difference between BS 5839-1 and BS 5839-6?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#difference-between-bs5839-1-and-bs5839-6",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "BS 5839-1 covers non-domestic buildings and the communal areas of blocks of flats. BS 5839-6 covers the inside of homes, including individual flats and houses in multiple occupation.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#difference-between-bs5839-1-and-bs5839-6",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-5839-6"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Which fire alarm standard applies to a block of flats?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#which-fire-alarm-standard-applies-block-flats",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Both. The communal areas follow BS 5839-1, and the inside of each flat follows BS 5839-6.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#which-fire-alarm-standard-applies-block-flats",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-5839-6"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "How often should smoke alarms be tested in rented or shared housing?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#often-smoke-alarms-tested-rented-or-shared-housing",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "At least once a month. Landlords and managers of shared housing should keep a record of each test.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#often-smoke-alarms-tested-rented-or-shared-housing",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-5839-6"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What do the grades and categories in BS 5839-6 mean?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#grades-and-categories-bs5839-6-mean",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "The grade describes how the system is built and powered, from a full panel-based system down to battery smoke alarms. The category describes how much of the home is protected, for example escape routes only, or every room where a fire could start. Your fire risk assessment, or the landlord's legal duties, decide which you need.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#grades-and-categories-bs5839-6-mean",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-5839-6"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "How long do smoke alarms last?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#long-smoke-alarms-last",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Usually around ten years, or as the maker recommends. Replace them at the end of their life.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#long-smoke-alarms-last",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-5839-6"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Do access-controlled doors have to open when the fire alarm goes off?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#access-controlled-doors-have-open-when-fire-alarm-goes-off",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Doors on escape routes must let people out. BS 7273-4 sets out how the fire alarm should release doors locked by access control or held open by magnetic devices, and how dependable that link needs to be.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#access-controlled-doors-have-open-when-fire-alarm-goes-off",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-7273-4"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What are door categories A, B and C?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#door-categories-a-b-and-c",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "They grade how critical a door is to safe escape. Category A is the most critical and needs the most reliable link to the fire alarm. Categories B and C allow simpler arrangements.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#door-categories-a-b-and-c",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-7273-4"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Who decides which category a door falls into?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#who-decides-which-category-door-falls-into",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Ask your fire risk assessor which category each controlled door falls into.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#who-decides-which-category-door-falls-into",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-7273-4"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Should door releases be tested at the fire alarm service?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#door-releases-tested-at-fire-alarm-service",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Yes. Test the door release as part of the fire alarm service, not just the access control service.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#door-releases-tested-at-fire-alarm-service",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-7273-4"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Do access-controlled exit doors need a green break-glass?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#access-controlled-exit-doors-need-green-break-glass",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Where required, keep a green break-glass or another manual release at controlled exit doors, so people can always get out.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#access-controlled-exit-doors-need-green-break-glass",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-7273-4"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What grade of intruder alarm does my business need?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#grade-intruder-alarm-business-need",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "It depends on your risk. Grade 1 is low risk. Grade 2 suits most homes and many small businesses. Grade 3 is typical for higher-value commercial premises, and Grade 4 is for very high-risk sites. Your insurer may specify a grade.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#grade-intruder-alarm-business-need",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/pd-6662"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What is PD 6662?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#pd6662",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "PD 6662:2017 is the scheme that applies the European intruder alarm standards (the BS EN 50131 series) in the UK. It sets how a system is graded from 1 to 4, and which other British Standards apply alongside it. Police and insurers expect a monitored intruder alarm to meet it.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#pd6662",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/pd-6662"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "How does BS EN 50131-1 relate to PD 6662?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#bsen-50131-1-relate-pd6662",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "BS EN 50131-1 sets the European system requirements, including the four security grades. PD 6662 is the UK scheme that says how to apply them, along with UK standards for installation, maintenance and alarm confirmation.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#bsen-50131-1-relate-pd6662",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-en-50131-1"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Can parts of my alarm be a lower grade than the system?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#parts-alarm-lower-grade-than-system",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "No. Every part of the system, including detectors, the panel and signalling equipment, should be at least the grade of the system as a whole.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#parts-alarm-lower-grade-than-system",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/pd-6662"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Does it matter where alarm equipment is fitted?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#matter-where-alarm-equipment-fitted",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Yes. Equipment must suit where it is fitted, indoors or outdoors, as set out in the environmental classes in BS EN 50131-1.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#matter-where-alarm-equipment-fitted",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-en-50131-1"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What should my intruder alarm certificate show?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#intruder-alarm-certificate-show",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "The grade of the system and the standards it meets.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#intruder-alarm-certificate-show",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/pd-6662"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "How often should an intruder alarm be serviced?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#often-intruder-alarm-serviced",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "At least once a year if it only sounds a bell on site. A monitored alarm that signals to an alarm receiving centre usually needs two visits a year, which is also a condition of police response. BS 9263 sets these intervals.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#often-intruder-alarm-serviced",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-9263"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What should an intruder alarm service include?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#intruder-alarm-service-include",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Each visit should check the detectors, batteries, signalling and the system log, and you should get a written record. Keeping the log up to date also helps trace and fix false alarms.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#intruder-alarm-service-include",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-9263"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What is remote support for an intruder alarm?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#remote-support-intruder-alarm",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Remote support lets a certified engineer connect to the alarm panel to check its status or make changes without a site visit. BS 9263 sets the security and record-keeping rules for doing this. For a monitored alarm, approved remote support can replace one of the two yearly visits.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#remote-support-intruder-alarm",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-9263"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "How do I get a police response to my intruder alarm?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#get-police-response-intruder-alarm",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Use a certified installer and an approved alarm receiving centre. The system must be installed and maintained to PD 6662 and designed to give confirmed alarms, not single-detector activations. The police then issue it a unique reference number (URN).",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#get-police-response-intruder-alarm",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/npcc-security-systems-policy"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What is a police URN?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#police-urn",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "A unique reference number the police issue for a compliant monitored system. Without one, the alarm receiving centre cannot request a police response.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#police-urn",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/npcc-security-systems-policy"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "How many false alarms before the police stop responding?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#many-false-alarms-before-police-stop-responding",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Three false alarms in a rolling 12-month period. Response can be restored once the cause has been fixed and the system has gone a set period without further false alarms.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#many-false-alarms-before-police-stop-responding",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/npcc-security-systems-policy"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Will the police respond to a bells-only alarm?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#will-police-respond-bells-only-alarm",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Not as a matter of course. Police respond to bells-only alarms only where there is other evidence that an offence is in progress.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#will-police-respond-bells-only-alarm",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/npcc-security-systems-policy"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Where do the police requirements for security systems apply?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#where-police-requirements-security-systems-apply",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "In England, Wales and Northern Ireland. They are issued by the National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC) and cover monitored intruder alarms and detector-activated CCTV.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#where-police-requirements-security-systems-apply",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/npcc-security-systems-policy"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Do I need keyholders for police response?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#need-keyholders-police-response",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Yes. Keep your keyholder details up to date, because keyholders must attend when they are called.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#need-keyholders-police-response",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/npcc-security-systems-policy"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What camera resolution do I need to identify someone on CCTV?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#camera-resolution-need-identify-someone-cctv",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Resolution alone doesn't decide it. What matters is the image detail on the person, measured in pixels per metre at the distance they will be. About 250 pixels per metre is needed to identify an unknown person, and around 125 to recognise someone you know.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#camera-resolution-need-identify-someone-cctv",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-en-62676-4"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "How many pixels per metre do I need to detect, observe, recognise or identify?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#pixels-per-metre-detect-observe-recognise-identify",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "BS EN IEC 62676-4 gives about 25 pixels per metre to detect a person, 62 to observe, 125 to recognise and 250 to identify.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#pixels-per-metre-detect-observe-recognise-identify",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-en-62676-4"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Which standard covers CCTV design?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#which-standard-covers-cctv-design",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "BS EN IEC 62676-4:2025, the application guidelines for video surveillance. It replaces the 2015 edition, which stays available until it is withdrawn by 30 November 2028. New designs should follow the 2025 edition.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#which-standard-covers-cctv-design",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-en-62676-4"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What should I agree with an installer before CCTV cameras are fitted?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#agree-installer-before-cctv-cameras-fitted",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Agree what each camera is for: to detect, observe, recognise or identify. Ask for the pixels per metre at the target distance, not just the camera resolution, and check the night-time lighting supports that detail. Keep it all in an operational requirement document, so the finished system can be tested against it.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#agree-installer-before-cctv-cameras-fitted",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-en-62676-4"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What is BS 8418?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#bs8418",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "BS 8418:2021 is the British Standard code of practice for detector-activated, remotely monitored CCTV. Detectors trigger the cameras, and an operator at a monitoring centre views the images and acts. It covers design, installation, commissioning, maintenance and monitoring.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#bs8418",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-8418"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Can monitored CCTV get a police response?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#monitored-cctv-get-police-response",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Yes, if the system is designed, installed and maintained to BS 8418 by a certified company, and monitored by an approved centre. It is then issued a police unique reference number (URN).",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#monitored-cctv-get-police-response",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-8418"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "How is BS 8418 monitored CCTV different from ordinary CCTV?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#bs8418-monitored-cctv-different-from-ordinary-cctv",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Ordinary CCTV records for later review. BS 8418 systems are triggered by detectors and watched live by an operator, who can challenge intruders over speakers and call the police or a keyholder.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#bs8418-monitored-cctv-different-from-ordinary-cctv",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-8418"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "How long can I keep CCTV footage?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#long-keep-cctv-footage",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "The law doesn't set a fixed period. Keep footage only as long as you need it for its purpose. Many organisations use around 30 days, and keep specific clips longer when they relate to an incident.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#long-keep-cctv-footage",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/uk-gdpr-cctv"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Can someone ask for a copy of CCTV footage of themselves?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#someone-ask-copy-cctv-footage-themselves",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Yes. It is a subject access request, and you must normally respond within one month. Protect the identity of anyone else in the footage, for example by blurring them.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#someone-ask-copy-cctv-footage-themselves",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/uk-gdpr-cctv"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Do I need to register with the ICO for CCTV?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#need-register-ico-cctv",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Most organisations that process personal data, including CCTV, must pay the ICO data protection fee unless an exemption applies. The ICO website has a short self-assessment.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#need-register-ico-cctv",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/uk-gdpr-cctv"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Do I need CCTV signs?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#need-cctv-signs",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Yes. Put up clear signs saying CCTV is in use, who runs it and how to contact them.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#need-cctv-signs",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/uk-gdpr-cctv"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What else does data protection law expect from a CCTV operator?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#else-data-protection-law-expect-from-cctv-operator",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "You are the data controller, so you need a lawful reason for the cameras and secure storage of footage. Restrict who can view and export footage, and keep a record of disclosures. Carry out a data protection impact assessment for new or higher-risk systems.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#else-data-protection-law-expect-from-cctv-operator",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/uk-gdpr-cctv"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Which standard covers electronic access control?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#which-standard-covers-electronic-access-control",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "BS EN 60839-11-1:2013 sets the system and component requirements: what controllers, readers and locks must do. Its companion, BS EN 60839-11-2:2015, gives the application guidelines.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#which-standard-covers-electronic-access-control",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-en-60839-11-1"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What do the access control grades mean?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#access-control-grades-mean",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "They describe the level of security, from Grade 1 for low-risk internal doors to Grade 4 for high-security areas. Higher grades need stronger protection against tampering and more detailed logging. Choose a grade to match the risk at each door, rather than one grade for the whole building.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#access-control-grades-mean",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-en-60839-11-1"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Do access control logs count as personal data?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#access-control-logs-count-as-personal-data",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Yes. Records of who went where and when are personal data. How long you keep them, who can see them and how they are secured should follow UK GDPR.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#access-control-logs-count-as-personal-data",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-en-60839-11-1"
        }
      },
      {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What maintenance does an access control system need?",
        "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#maintenance-access-control-system-need",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Plan regular checks of readers, locks, power supplies and batteries. Doors on escape routes should also be tested with the fire alarm when it is serviced.",
          "url": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/questions#maintenance-access-control-system-need",
          "citation": "https://sps-technical.com/resources/standards/bs-en-60839-11-1"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
]
```